Nativo Fungicide in-depth Demand Report

According to the survey, there are more than 80,000 kinds of pathogenic microorganisms (fungi, strong bacteria, rickettsia, mycoplasma, viruses, algae, etc.) harmful to plants all over the world. Plant diseases cause huge losses to agriculture, and crops around the world are thus reduced by an average of about 500 Mt per year.In history, there have been many disasters caused by a certain plant disease epidemic, causing severe famine and even starving a large number of people. The use of fungicides is a cost-effective method of controlling plant diseases.

Bactericides, also known as biocides, bactericidal algaecides, microbicides, etc., generally refer to chemicals that effectively control or kill microorganisms in the water system - bacteria, fungi and algae. Mainly divided into agricultural fungicides and industrial fungicides.Agricultural fungicideIt is a class of pesticides used to control plant diseases caused by various pathogenic microorganisms, and generally refers to fungicides. However, internationally, it is generally a generic term for agents that control various pathogenic microorganisms. With the development of fungicides, sub-classes such as bactericides, viricides and algicides are distinguished.Industrial fungicideAccording to the sterilization mechanism, it can be divided into two categories: oxidative bactericide and non-oxidizing bactericide. Oxidizing bactericides are usually strong oxidants, which are mainly sterilized by oxidation with metabolic enzymes in bacteria. Commonly used oxidizing biocides are chlorine gas, chlorine dioxide, bromine, ozone, hydrogen peroxide and the like. The non-oxidizing bactericide acts on a special part of the microorganism in the form of a toxic agent, thereby destroying the cells or living bodies of the microorganism to achieve a bactericidal effect. Common non-oxidizing bactericides are chlorophenols, isothiazolinones, quaternary ammonium salts.The fungicides are classified according to the source. Except that the agricultural antibiotics are biologically-derived fungicides, the main varieties are chemical synthetic fungicides, and the fungicides are a kind of medicaments for controlling plant diseases. All agents that have a killing effect on the pathogen or inhibit growth, but do not hinder the normal growth of the plant, are collectively referred to as fungicides. The fungicide can be classified according to the mode of action, the source of the raw materials and the chemical composition.

Inorganic fungicideSuch as sulfur powder, stone sulfur mixture, copper sulfate, mercuric mercury, lime Bordeaux liquid, copper hydroxide, cuprous oxide and the like.Organic sulfur fungicideSuch as dexamethasone, rust sodium, thiram, daisen zinc, mancozeb, thiram and so on.Organic phosphorus, arsenic fungicideSuch as rice glutinous rice, gram sputum, ethyl aluminum phosphate, methyl chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine, rice foot green and so on.Substituted benzene fungicideSuch as methyl thiophanate, chlorothalonil, diclosan, pentachloronitrobenzene and the like.Azole fungicideSuch as powder rust, carbendazim, carbendazim, benomyl, thiabendazole and so on.Antibiotic fungicideJinggangmycin, polymycin, chunleimycin, agricultural streptomycin, antimycomycin 120, and the like.Compound fungicideSuch as dysentery, double-effect spirit, anthrax fumei, anti-virus 矾M8, nail cream copper, DT fungicide, metalaxyl · manganese zinc, seeding spirit · manganese zinc, methyl thiophanate · manganese zinc, widely sterilized Milk powder, metalaxyl-Fumei double wettable powder, etc.Other fungicidesSuch as metalaxyl, sclerotin, procymidone, chlorhexidine, sterilized dan, captan, tefolin, carbendazim, rumen, formalin, high fat film, bactericidal clear, Pythium, quetia, dimethomorph, manganese zinc, and the like.

Early fungicides were inorganic compounds, such as sulfur powder and copper formulations (see Bordeaux), which are still in use today. In 1914, I. Rim of Germany first used organic mercury compounds to control wheat smut, marking the beginning of the development of organic fungicides.In 1934, W.H. Tisdale of the United States discovered the bactericidal properties of dimethyldithiocarbamate, and organic fungicides began to develop rapidly thereafter. Developed in the 40s and 50s, there are three main series of organic sulfur fungicides: Fumei, Daisen (such as Daisen zinc) and trichloromethylthiocarbaimide, in addition to organic chlorine, organic mercury, Organic arsenic fungicides have also developed. Most of these fungicides are protective agents and have limitations in application.Since the 1960s, more chemical types of fungicides have emerged, the most important of which is the advent of systemic fungicides.In 1965, Japan developed the organophosphorus bactericide rice blast. In 1966, the United States developed the rust-free spirit. In 1967, the United States developed benomyl. In 1969, Japan developed thiocarbazone. In 1974, the Federal Republic of Germany developed oxazolone, 1975. In the United States, tricyclazole was developed in the United States. In 1977, Mexico developed the metalaxyl. In 1978, France developed aluminum triethylphosphate. The systemic agent represented by the above has become the mainstream of the development of fungicides since the 1970s. At the same time, agricultural antibiotics have also developed rapidly. Organic mercury, organic arsenic and certain organochlorine fungicides are being phased out due to toxicity or environmental pollution problems. A new generation of systemic agents has further expanded the market for fungicides due to improved control effects. By the 1980s, there were more than 200 types of fungicides. According to the survey, worldwide sales of fungicides reached US$2.54 billion in 1985, accounting for 18.4% of total pesticide sales.In 1984, the sales of systemic agents in biocides accounted for 44.2%, and non-endrols accounted for 55.8%. In the past half century, the development of fungicides has mainly focused on the prevention and treatment of fungal diseases, and the research and development of agents for controlling bacteria and viruses has not been sufficiently developed. Since the 1950s, China has mainly developed protective fungicides. Since the 1970s, it has begun to develop systemic fungicides and agricultural antibiotics, and has stopped using organic amalgams. Due to the complicated application technology of fungicides, the development speed is not as fast as that of pesticides. However, the protective effect of fungicides on agricultural production has been increasingly recognized by farmers. With the modernization of Chinese agriculture, the development of fungicides will surely accelerate.